alukwu gertrude

Malpresentations & Malpositions: Causes and What the Midwife Should Do

Malpresentations & Malpositions are among the causes of poor progress of labour. Good progress of labour is enhanced when the presenting part is well applied to the cervix. In malpresentation like face presenting part is not well applied resulting to poor progress. Also, in face presentation the face is not compressible for a lesser diameter …

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Trial of Labour: Indications, Contraindications, Risks and More

Trial of labour is conducted in the presence of a minor or moderate degree of cephalopelvic disproportion in an attempt to achieve a vaginal delivery. The factors supporting the achievement of vaginal delivery in trial of labour are: What is trial of labour? Trial of labour is defined as a test given to a woman …

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Antepartum haemorrhage: Causes, Management & Prevention

What is Antepartum haemorrhage? Antepartum refers to existing or occurring before birth. Hence, antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is defined as vaginal or genital  bleeding during pregnancy after the 28th week’s gestation. Another name  for antepartum haemorrhage (APH)  is called pre-partum haemorrhage.  How common is antepartum haemorrhage? APH as one of obstetric haemorrhages affects 3-5% of all …

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Complications of Pregnancy: How to manage disorders of pregnancy

To get pregnant is the desire of every woman especially those who are finding it hard to achieve conception easily. And as pregnancy is the period of joy for many families, it does come with some minor or major discomforts or disorders which the woman might experience.   Some discomforts of pregnancy need treatment while some …

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Prolonged pregnancy: causes, symptoms and management

When a pregnancy is prolonged beyond the usual period of gestation, it is considered to be postmature or overdue. Before the midwife can diagnose postmaturity, he or she should know the accepted average duration of pregnancy and should also be able to calculate the expected date of delivery.  The average duration of a normal pregnancy …

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Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM): Causes, symptom and management

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GMD) or diabetes complicated by pregnancy is far common in temperate countries than in tropics.  In the pre-insulin days, diabetic women failed to menstruate and conception was usually ruled out. With the advent of insulin, pregnancy occurs in the presence of diabetes.  Sometimes, diabetes is noticed for the first time in pregnancy.  …

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Intrauterine death (IUD): Causes; Signs and Management

Intrauterine death refers to the death of the fetus occurring after 28th weeks of gestation resulting in a macerated stillbirth.  If the fetal death occurs before the 28th, the term “missed abortion” is used. 24 hours after the death of the fetus, aseptic degeneration called maceration occurs. Blisters first form on the skin which peels …

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