Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD): Causes, Signs and Management

Cephalopelvic Disproportion is anatomical disproportion between fetal head and maternal pelvis. It may be as a result of big head, small pelvis or combination of both. It occurs when the head of the fetus does not fit in to the mother’s pelvis or a delivery condition in which the mother’s pelvis is too small or …

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Malpresentations & Malpositions: Causes and What the Midwife Should Do

Malpresentations & Malpositions are among the causes of poor progress of labour. Good progress of labour is enhanced when the presenting part is well applied to the cervix. In malpresentation like face presenting part is not well applied resulting to poor progress. Also, in face presentation the face is not compressible for a lesser diameter …

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Trial of Labour: Indications, Contraindications, Risks and More

Trial of labour is conducted in the presence of a minor or moderate degree of cephalopelvic disproportion in an attempt to achieve a vaginal delivery. The factors supporting the achievement of vaginal delivery in trial of labour are: What is trial of labour? Trial of labour is defined as a test given to a woman …

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Antepartum haemorrhage: Causes, Management & Prevention

What is Antepartum haemorrhage? Antepartum refers to existing or occurring before birth. Hence, antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is defined as vaginal or genital  bleeding during pregnancy after the 28th week’s gestation. Another name  for antepartum haemorrhage (APH)  is called pre-partum haemorrhage.  How common is antepartum haemorrhage? APH as one of obstetric haemorrhages affects 3-5% of all …

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Ectopic pregnancy: Causes, Management and prevention

What is an ectopic pregnancy? Ectopic pregnancy is otherwise known as extrauterine pregnancy — meaning  a pregnancy where implantation occurs at sites other than the uterine cavity. That’s, it is a pregnancy that occurred when the fertilised egg embeds or implants outside the uterus(e.g. ampulla or cervix). It is an emergency obstetric condition that requires …

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5 Hormones of Pregnancy and functions

In our previous posts, I have discussed pregnancy: signs and symptoms with diagnostic tips, physiological changes during pregnancy, and complications of pregnancy with their treatments. I will discuss today those hormones of pregnancy responsible for inducing physiological changes in a woman’s systems during pregnancy. Pregnancy hormones  play these roles in order to make the woman’s …

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Complications of Pregnancy: How to manage disorders of pregnancy

To get pregnant is the desire of every woman especially those who are finding it hard to achieve conception easily. And as pregnancy is the period of joy for many families, it does come with some minor or major discomforts or disorders which the woman might experience.   Some discomforts of pregnancy need treatment while some …

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Amniotic fluid embolism

Understanding Woman’s Period: Pregnancy, Signs and Diagnosis 

Definition of Pregnancy This refers to the condition of having a developing embryo or fetus within the body; the state from conception to delivery of the fetus. Medically, it is defined as the union of male and female gametes to zygote which would further undergoes serial cell divisions and be transferred to uterus for implantation …

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